Abstract

Gene duplication is one of the main mechanisms of formation of new genetic material in evolution. The occurrence of a gene duplication is believed to relax selection pressure on one of the copies. Consequently, this gene accumulates mutations at a higher rate, and over time it acquires a new function. As a result of several rounds of polyploidization, many genes in salmon are duplicated, including the growth hormone gene. The analysis of nucleotide diversity in the paralogous genes of growth hormone, gh1 and gh2, demonstrated that the level of variability in their introns was higher than in the exons. In addition, the variability of each exon weakly correlated with its length, and seems to be determined by the functional significance of the protein region encoded. The level of variability in the exons of the gh2 gene was higher than that in the gh1 one, which was probably due to the current process of gene subfunctionalization.

中文翻译：

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鲑科生长激素基因的外显子和内含子变异性

摘要

基因复制是进化中新遗传物质形成的主要机制之一。据信基因重复的出现减轻了拷贝之一上的选择压力。因此，该基因以较高的速率积累突变，并且随着时间的推移它获得了新的功能。由于几轮多倍体化的结果，鲑鱼中的许多基因被复制，包括生长激素基因。生长激素gh1和gh2的旁系同源基因核苷酸多样性分析，表明其内含子的变异水平高于外显子。另外，每个外显子的变异性与其长度弱相关，并且似乎由编码的蛋白质区域的功能重要性决定。在的外显子变异的水平GH2基因比在较高GH1由于基因subfunctionalization当前进程的一个，这可能是。