Abstract—

Parkinson’s disease is a widespread neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Clinically, the disease is manifested by tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, and other motor and non-motor symptoms that ultimately lead to disability. To date, there are only symptomatic treatment options for Parkinson’s disease; therefore, the search for new approaches is one of the most important directions of therapy for this disease. In the 1970’s the idea of using cell replacement therapy based on the local nature and specificity of damage to a particular type of neuron in Parkinson’s disease originated. The selection of the source of cells, the method and place of introduction, indications for this operation, and peculiarities of patient management have been in development for a long time. The efficiency of cell replacement therapy has been confirmed by a number of studies on animal models. Clinical trials have already begun and several more are planned soon. This review describes the main prerequisites for the use of cell replacement therapy in Parkinson’s disease, the stages of development of this method, and clinical trials that have started in the last few years.

中文翻译：

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帕金森氏病中的细胞替代疗法-发展历史及在临床实践中的应用前景

摘要-

帕金森氏病是一种广泛的神经退行性疾病，其特征是中脑黑质中多巴胺能神经元的死亡。临床上，该疾病表现为震颤，运动迟缓，肌肉僵硬以及其他运动和非运动症状，最终导致残疾。迄今为止，对于帕金森氏病只有对症治疗选择。因此，寻找新方法是该疾病治疗的最重要方向之一。在1970年代，提出了基于对帕金森氏病中特定类型神经元的损伤的局部性质和特异性的细胞替代疗法的想法。细胞来源的选择，引入的方法和地点，该操作的指示，长期以来，患者管理的特殊性已得到发展。细胞替代疗法的效率已通过许多动物模型研究证实。临床试验已经开始，不久还将计划进行更多试验。这篇综述描述了在帕金森氏病中使用细胞替代疗法的主要前提条件，该方法的开发阶段以及最近几年开始的临床试验。