Novel compositions of positive (Sm³⁺) and negative (Ho³⁺) association energy ion co-doped cerium oxide solid electrolytes were synthesized and analyzed for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) applications. Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman studies confirmed the phase of pure cubic fluorite structure, while densely packed porous-structured morphology was affirmed with high-resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM) micrographs. The formations of oxygen vacancies and association energies were analyzed through optical properties using ultraviolet (UV) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Thermal analysis revealed high thermal stability without any structural deformations and a high thermal expansion coefficient at the intermediate temperature range. The incorporation of Sm³⁺ ions acts as an oxygen vacancy generator which influences the ionic conductivity properties, and Ce_0.8Sm_0.1Ho_0.1O_2−δ solid electrolyte showed the high conductivity of 0.72 × 10⁻² S/cm at 600°C specifying that this solid electrolyte might be an excellent candidate for IT-SOFC applications.

正（Sm ³⁺）和负（Ho ³⁺合成了缔合能离子共掺杂的氧化铈固体电解质，并对其在中温固体氧化物燃料电池（IT-SOFC）中的应用进行了分析。粉末X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼研究证实了纯立方萤石结构的相，而高密度扫描电子显微镜（HR-SEM）显微照片则证实了密集堆积的多孔结构形态。通过使用紫外（UV）和光致发光（PL）光谱的光学性质来分析氧空位和缔合能的形成。热分析表明，在中间温度范围内，没有任何结构变形的高热稳定性和高热膨胀系数。Sm ³⁺的掺入离子充当氧空位发生器，影响离子电导率性能，Ce _0.8 Sm _0.1 Ho _0.1 O _{2- δ}固体电解质 在600°C下显示出0.72×10 ^-2 S / cm的高电导率，表明该固体电解质可能成为IT-SOFC应用程序的优秀候选人。