In the mining process of deep metal mines, different types of rock mass instability failures are caused by strong mining disturbance. It is beneficial to master the fracture mechanism of rock mass in time to effectively prevent and control the ground pressure disasters. Microseismic signals are generated by the propagation and expansion of cracks inside the rock mass that contain plentiful information about the structural changes of rock mass. The ratio of the radiated energy of S and P waves (E_s/E_p) of microseismic events can fast and effectively calculate the rock fracture mechanism, which is widely used for ground pressure hazard risk assessment. In this paper, this method was used to analyze the fracture mechanism of rock mass around deep stope in Hongtoushan copper mine and Ashele copper mine. Furthermore, the spatial distribution characteristics and proportion changes of microseismic events with different fracture mechanisms along with the mining process were studied. The results show that tensile cracks play a dominant role, accounting for 62% of the total events, during non-shear fracturing of the rock mass caused by the stoping unloading effect, while shear cracks occupy 68% of the total events during orebody slip failure. When the physical and mechanical properties of the orebody and rock mass are significantly different, slip failure along their contact zone is prone to occur under blasting disturbance. During deep mining, it is necessary to control the exposed area of the roof by each stoping, especially during the earlier mining stage, to avoid tensile stress concentration. The temporal and spatial variation of tension cracks and shear cracks induced by roof damage obtained in this paper can guide the prevention and control of ground pressure disasters in deep mining effectively.

在深金属矿山开采过程中，强烈的开采扰动引起不同类型的岩体失稳破坏。及时掌握岩体的断裂机理，有效地预防和控制了地压灾害是有益的。微震信号是由包含大量有关岩体结构变化信息的岩体内部裂缝的传播和扩展产生的。S波和P波的辐射能量之比（E _s / E _p）的微地震事件可以快速有效地计算出岩石破裂的机理，被广泛用于地面压力灾害风险评估。本文采用该方法对红头山铜矿和阿舍勒铜矿深部采场围岩的破裂机理进行了分析。此外，研究了不同断裂机制的微震事件的空间分布特征和比例变化以及采矿过程。结果表明，在停止卸荷作用引起的岩体非剪切断裂过程中，拉伸裂纹占全部事件的62％，而矿体滑移破坏中剪切裂纹占全部事件的68％。 。当矿体的物理力学性质和岩体有明显不同时，在爆破干扰下，很容易发生沿其接触区域的滑移破坏。在深部开采期间，必须通过每次停止来控制顶板的裸露区域，尤其是在开采的早期阶段，以避免张应力集中。本文获得的顶板破坏引起的张裂和剪裂的时空变化可有效指导防治深部开采地压灾害。