Abstract

This article investigates changes in public perceptions of science and religion in the United States between 1973 and 2018. We argue that the deepening ties between science and religion and opposing moral claims reconfigured the relationship between political identities and confidence in science and religion during this period. Our analysis of 30 waves of General Social Survey data finds that while Republicans once were more likely than Democrats to be more confident in science than religion, Democrats are now more likely to than Republicans. And, while Democrats used to be more likely than Republicans to be more confident in religion than science, this difference also reversed. These findings underscore the growing importance of political identities as predictors of confidence in science and religion and suggest that the politicization of science and religion fueled a perception that they provide not just alternative frameworks but opposing ones.

中文翻译：

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美国对科学和宗教的政治认同和信心

摘要

本文调查了1973年至2018年美国公众对科学和宗教观念的变化。我们认为，在这一时期，科学与宗教之间的紧密联系以及对立的道德主张重新构造了政治身份与对科学和宗教的信心之间的关系。我们对30项“一般社会调查”数据浪潮的分析发现，虽然共和党人曾经比民主党人对科学比对宗教更有信心，但民主党人现在比共和党人对科学更有信心。而且，尽管民主党人过去比共和党人更有可能对宗教比科学更有信心，但这种差异也得到了扭转。