Abstract

Religious freedom in the United States is negotiated in local conflicts arising from proposals from religious groups to municipalities in order to use or alter land and buildings. This study examines 116 cases of zoning conflict involving religious buildings in the New York City region between 1992 and 2017 as reported by the New York Times. Jewish and Muslim congregations experienced opposition at higher rates compared to their proportion in the region’s population and to Christians. Proposing to use a single-family home for worship or use a building near residences topped local concerns. Neighbors regularly expressed worries about traffic, parking, and preservation. More zoning controversies occurred in the suburbs. These findings advance our knowledge of religious freedom and pluralism in detailing how local religious land conflicts involving multiple social actors operating at different levels engage larger questions about religious gatherings, ideal land uses, and the character of communities.

中文翻译：

---

宗教自由与当地冲突：1992-2017年纽约市地区的宗教建筑和分区问题

摘要

在美国，由于宗教团体向市政当局提出的使用或更改土地和建筑物的提议而引发的地方冲突中，就宗教自由进行了谈判。根据《纽约时报》的报道，该研究调查了1992年至2017年之间纽约市地区涉及宗教建筑的116个分区冲突案例。与该地区人口和基督徒所占的比例相比，犹太教和穆斯林教徒的反对率更高。提议使用单户住宅进行礼拜或在住宅附近使用建筑物成为当地人最关注的问题。邻居们经常对交通，停车和保护表示担忧。在郊区发生了更多的分区争议。。