This article reports on the results of the first meta-analysis of the association between working alliance and outcomes of individual career counseling. This random-effects meta-analysis included 18 published and unpublished studies that produced a weighted mean effect size of r = .42. This effect size was heterogeneous across studies. Separate meta-analyses were conducted for several types of outcomes: Career outcomes, mental health outcomes, and client-perceived quality of the intervention. Average effect sizes for the association between working alliance and types of outcomes were .28, .18 and .62, respectively. Moderator analyses indicated that the overall mean effect size (r =.42) varied in a large proportion as a function of the type of outcomes and the time of assessment of working alliance (first session, mid or at termination of the counseling service). Our results confirm that working alliance is associated to career counseling effectiveness and suggest that career counselors should emphasize on the working alliance during the career counseling process. In conclusion, this article provides suggestions for practice in individual career counseling and avenues of research on working alliance in this context.

本文报道了工作联盟与个人职业咨询结果之间关联的首次元分析结果。这项随机效应荟萃分析包括18项已发表和未发表的研究，这些研究产生的加权平均效应大小为r = 0.42。在研究中，这种效应的大小是异质的。对几种类型的结局进行了单独的荟萃分析：职业结局，心理健康结局以及服务对象对服务质量的理解。工作联盟与结果类型之间关联的平均效应大小分别为.28，.18和.62。主持人分析表明，总体平均效应大小（r= .42）随结果类型和工作联盟评估时间（第一届会议，咨询服务中期或终止）的不同而有很大差异。我们的结果证实了工作联盟与职业咨询的有效性有关，并建议职业咨询师应在职业咨询过程中强调工作联盟。总之，本文为个人职业咨询中的实践提供了建议，并在此背景下提供了有关工作联盟的研究途径。