ABSTRACT

Prejudice towards trans women is an under-examined but a critical social problem in Turkey. Patriarchal femininity sanctions women who do not comply with the idealised female bodies and feminine norms. On the other hand, ideals of hegemonic masculinity necessitate that men avoid femininity. In that sense, prejudice against trans women ostensibly stands at the intersection of hegemonic masculinity ideology and femininities that diverge from patriarchal feminine norms. Therefore, this study examines the mediatory effect of femmephobia in the link between masculinity ideology and prejudice towards trans women as measured by negative affect and social distancing motivations. Results indicate that femmephobia significantly mediates the relationship between the endorsement of masculinity ideology and prejudice towards trans women. Among three mandates of masculinity ideology, the endorsement of the antifemininity mandate was the most solid indirect predictor of negative affect and social distance through femmephobia, followed by mandates of toughness and status, respectively. Although participant gender does not have an indirect effect on the outcome variables, it has a direct effect on men’s social distancing intentions but not on negative emotions. The results are discussed in the light of existing literature which intersects with the devaluation of femininity.

摘要

对跨性别女性的偏见在土耳其是一个未得到充分审视但至关重要的社会问题。父权制的女性气质制裁不遵守理想化的女性身体和女性规范的女性。另一方面，霸权男性气质的理想要求男性避免女性气质。从这个意义上说，对跨性别女性的偏见表面上站在霸权男性气质意识形态和与父权女性规范背道而驰的女性气质的交汇处。因此，本研究通过负面影响和社会疏远动机来衡量女性恐惧症在男性气质意识形态和对跨性别女性的偏见之间的联系中的中介作用。结果表明，女性恐惧症显着调节了男性气质意识形态的认可与对跨性别女性的偏见之间的关系。在男性气质意识形态的三个任务中，反女性任务的认可是通过女性恐惧症产生负面影响和社会距离的最可靠的间接预测因素，其次是强硬和地位任务。尽管参与者性别对结果变量没有间接影响，但它对男性的社会疏远意图有直接影响，但对负面情绪没有影响。根据与贬低女性气质相交的现有文献对结果进行了讨论。它对男性的社交距离意图有直接影响，但对负面情绪没有影响。根据与贬低女性气质相交的现有文献对结果进行了讨论。它对男性的社交距离意图有直接影响，但对负面情绪没有影响。根据与贬低女性气质相交的现有文献对结果进行了讨论。