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The search for hypercompetition: evidence from a Nordic market study
Industry and Innovation ( IF 3.819 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1080/13662716.2020.1848521
Annesofie Lindskov 1, 2, 3 , Kristian J. Sund 1, 3 , Johannes K. Dreyer 1, 3
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Some scholars argue that markets has become hypercompetitive over the years, decreasing the sustainable competitive advantages in a wide range of sectors and regions. The notion of hypercompetition, a state of competition in which firms are unable to build sustainable competitive advantages due to a high rate of change in the competitive environment, has gained in popularity in recent years, not least in the aftermath of the financial crisis. Is the world truly becoming hypercompetitive across industries and countries? The evidence is limited and ambiguous (McNamara, Vaaler, & Devers, 2003; Thomas & D’Aveni, 2009; Vaaler & McNamara, 2010). Hypercompetition would increase instability and force firms to adapt to the new environment. Some firms may fail to do so. This would then have an impact on the industry dynamism and munificence (Dess & Beard, 1984; McNamara et al., 2003), as some industries may experience a larger increase in the performance volatility compared to others that may retain their traditional stability (Thomas & D’Aveni, 2009). In this paper, the aim is to explore the claim of increasing hypercompetition and attempt to build empirical support for the argument that business performance has become less stable. Replicating and extending on the seminal study by McNamara et al. (2003), we use an autoregressive model to measure the durability of abnormal profitability over time, cox proportional hazard model to measure the rate of business mortality, and a fixed effects approach to measure the level of dynamism and munificence for a longer period of time than has previously been attempted. Rather than replicate the study for the same US sample (McNamara et al., 2003), we examine the context of Denmark, a small but similarly highly developed European economy. To find data to test our hypotheses, we compile a total of 4,477 observations of 266 Danish firms across 7 SIC-divisions publicly traded in the period 1980-2017. Similar to McNamara et al. (2003) and Vaaler et al. (2010), we find no support for the notion of a pervasive change in competition. Changes in competition are cyclical around recessions or due to substantial progress in export, rather than indicating a general hypercompetition. We can conclude that the notion of hypercompetition may be useful for some regions or industries, but not as a universal label for the state of competition. REFERENCES Dess, G. G., & Beard, D. W. (1984). Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(1), 52?73. McNamara, G., Vaaler, P. M., & Devers, C. (2003). Same as it ever was: the search for evidence of increasing hypercompetition. Strategic Management Journal, 24(3), 261?278. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, L. G., & D’Aveni, R. A. (2009). The changing nature of competition in the US manufacturing sector, 1950-2002. Strategic Organization, 7(4), 387?431. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, P. M., & McNamara, G. (2010). Are Technology-Intensive Industries More Dynamically Competitive? No and Yes. Organization Science, 21(1), 271?289. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc. 1080.0392

中文翻译:

寻找超级竞争:来自北欧市场研究的证据

摘要 一些学者认为,多年来市场已经变得竞争过度,降低了广泛部门和地区的可持续竞争优势。超级竞争的概念是一种竞争状态,在这种竞争状态中,由于竞争环境的高速变化,公司无法建立可持续的竞争优势,近年来越来越受欢迎,尤其是在金融危机之后。世界真的变得跨行业和跨国家竞争激烈吗?证据有限且模棱两可(McNamara、Vaaler 和 Devers,2003 年;Thomas 和 D'Aveni,2009 年;Vaaler 和 McNamara,2010 年)。超级竞争会增加不稳定性并迫使企业适应新环境。有些公司可能做不到这一点。这将对行业的活力和丰富性产生影响(Dess & Beard,1984 年;McNamara 等人,2003 年),因为与可能保持传统稳定性的其他行业相比,某些行业可能会经历更大的绩效波动(Thomas和 D'Aveni,2009 年)。在本文中,目的是探讨加剧超级竞争的主张,并尝试为业务绩效变得不那么稳定的论点建立实证支持。复制和扩展 McNamara 等人的开创性研究。(2003),我们使用自回归模型来衡量异常盈利能力随时间的持久性,使用 cox 比例风险模型来衡量企业死亡率,以及一种固定效应方法,用于在比以前尝试的更长的时间内测量活力和丰富程度。我们没有对相同的美国样本(McNamara 等人,2003 年)重复这项研究,而是考察丹麦的背景,丹麦是一个规模虽小但同样高度发达的欧洲经济体。为了寻找数据来检验我们的假设,我们对 1980 年至 2017 年期间公开交易的 7 个 SIC 部门的 266 家丹麦公司进行了总共 4,477 次观察。类似于 McNamara 等人。(2003) 和 Vaaler 等人。(2010),我们发现没有支持竞争普遍变化的概念。竞争的变化是围绕经济衰退或由于出口的实质性进展而周期性变化的,而不是普遍的超级竞争。我们可以得出结论,超级竞争的概念可能对某些地区或行业有用,但不能作为竞争状态的通用标签。参考文献 Dess, GG, & Beard, DW (1984)。组织任务环境的维度。行政科学季刊,29(1),52?73。McNamara, G.、Vaaler, PM 和 Devers, C. (2003)。一如既往:寻找日益激烈的超级竞争的证据。战略管理杂志,24(3),261?278。https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, LG, & D'Aveni, RA (2009)。1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 德国之声(1984)。组织任务环境的维度。行政科学季刊,29(1),52?73。McNamara, G.、Vaaler, PM 和 Devers, C. (2003)。一如既往:寻找日益激烈的超级竞争的证据。战略管理杂志,24(3),261?278。https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, LG, & D'Aveni, RA (2009)。1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 德国之声(1984)。组织任务环境的维度。行政科学季刊,29(1),52?73。McNamara, G.、Vaaler, PM 和 Devers, C. (2003)。一如既往:寻找日益激烈的超级竞争的证据。战略管理杂志,24(3),261?278。https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, LG, & D'Aveni, RA (2009)。1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 & Devers, C. (2003)。一如既往:寻找日益激烈的超级竞争的证据。战略管理杂志,24(3),261?278。https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, LG, & D'Aveni, RA (2009)。1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 & Devers, C. (2003)。一如既往:寻找日益激烈的超级竞争的证据。战略管理杂志,24(3),261?278。https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smj.295 Thomas, LG, & D'Aveni, RA (2009)。1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392 1950-2002 年美国制造业竞争性质的变化。战略组织,7(4),387?431。https://doi.org/10.1177/1476127009348561 Vaaler, PM, & McNamara, G. (2010)。技术密集型行业是否更具动态竞争力?不和是。组织科学,21(1),271?289。https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc。1080.0392
更新日期:2020-12-30
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