ABSTRACT

In line with gender stereotypes, girls are expected to take on communal roles and boys to take on agentic roles. Based on gender intensification theory, the present cross-sectional study investigated girls’ and boys’ gender role identity and corresponding age differences across adolescence using the spontaneous self-description method. In total, 3423 adolescents aged between 11 and 15 years were asked to describe themselves with three attributes later coded in terms of agency and communion. ANOVA results showed expected but small gender differences in agency and communion, and no evidence for gender intensification. Moreover, significant gender differences were found in only 17% of the named attributes. The results thus indicate greater gender similarities than gender differences in adolescents’ self-descriptions.

摘要

根据性别刻板印象，女孩应担任公共角色，男孩应担任代理角色。基于性别强化理论，本横断面研究使用自发的自我描述方法调查了青春期女孩和男孩的性别角色认同和相应的年龄差异。总共有 3423 名 11 至 15 岁的青少年被要求用三个属性来描述自己，这些属性后来被编码为代理和交流。方差分析结果显示，在代理和交流方面存在预期但很小的性别差异，并且没有证据表明性别强化。此外，仅在 17% 的命名属性中发现了显着的性别差异。因此，结果表明青少年自我描述中的性别相似性大于性别差异。