Brazil's northern region supplied 40 per cent of the cotton imported into Liverpool during the last decade of the eighteenth century. In the following decades, however, cotton exports stagnated, and Brazil became the only major international cotton producer that decreased its exports to European countries. This article shows that the fiscal policies of Brazil's central government had a significant role on the decline of cotton exports. The central government set export taxes to maximize revenue from higher‐quality long‐staple cotton, decreasing the profitability of short staples, which saw the largest increase in demand during the nineteenth century.

中文翻译：

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1800-60年间巴西的税收和棉花出口停滞†

在18世纪最后十年，巴西北部地区提供了40％进口到利物浦的棉花。然而，在随后的几十年中，棉花出口停滞不前，巴西成为唯一一个减少对欧洲国家出口的主要国际棉花生产国。本文表明，巴西中央政府的财政政策对棉花出口下降具有重要作用。中央政府设定出口税以最大程度地提高优质长绒棉的收入，降低短绒的利润，这是19世纪需求的最大增长。