In this study, we analyze the causal impact of public employment generation on formal employment in the private sector in the provinces of Turkey. Our results suggest that public sector employment has a positive impact on formal employment in the private sector. This result contradicts earlier findings in developed countries suggesting that public employment crowds out private employment. We argue that labor market institutions and local labor supply elasticity may have an important role in the direction and magnitude of the impact. We find that the positive impact comes from provinces with lower labor force participation or higher unemployment rates, which may be considered as proxies for elastic local labor supply.

中文翻译：

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公共就业对私营部门正规就业的乘数效应：来自土耳其的证据*

在这项研究中，我们分析了土耳其各省私营部门中公共就业产生对正规就业的因果影响。我们的结果表明，公共部门的就业对私营部门的正规就业具有积极影响。这一结果与发达国家的早期发现相矛盾，后者表明公共就业排挤了私人就业。我们认为，劳动力市场制度和当地劳动力供应弹性可能在影响的方向和程度上发挥重要作用。我们发现，积极的影响来自劳动力参与率较低或失业率较高的省份，这些省份可以被视为当地劳动力供给弹性的代表。