Body-specific mental rotation is thought to rely upon internal representations of motor actions. Handedness is a source of distinctly different motor experience that shapes the development of such internal representations. Yet, the influence of handedness upon hand mental rotation has never been systematically evaluated. Five databases were searched for studies evaluating hand left/right judgement tasks in adults. Two independent reviewers performed screening, data extraction, and critical appraisal. Eighty-seven datasets were included, with 72 datasets pooled; all had unclear/high risk of bias. Meta-analyses showed that right-handers were faster, but not more accurate, than left-handers at hand mental rotation. A unique effect of handedness was found on performance facilitation for images corresponding to the dominant hand. Meta-analyses showed that right-handers were quicker at identifying images of right hands than left hands—a dominance advantage not evident in left-handers. Differing hand representations (more lateralised hand dominance in right-handers) likely underpin these findings. Given potential differences between hand preference and motor performance, future research exploring their distinct contributions to mental rotation is warranted.

身体特定的心理旋转被认为依赖于运动动作的内部表征。惯用手是截然不同的运动经验的来源，它塑造了这种内部表征的发展。然而，从来没有系统地评估过惯用手对手心旋转的影响。在五个数据库中搜索了评估成人左手/右手判断任务的研究。两名独立审查员进行了筛选、数据提取和严格评估。包括87个数据集，汇集了72个数据集；所有人都有不明确/高偏倚风险。荟萃分析表明，在手部心理旋转方面，右撇子比左撇子更快，但并不更准确。在与惯用手相对应的图像的性能促进上发现了惯用手的独特影响。荟萃分析表明，右撇子识别右手图像的速度比左手快——这种优势优势在左撇子中并不明显。不同的手部表现（右撇子更偏侧的手优势）可能支持这些发现。鉴于手部偏好和运动表现之间的潜在差异，未来研究探索它们对心理旋转的不同贡献是有必要的。