While prior research has consistently found the presence of extralegal disparities in juvenile justice decision-making, less research has investigated the combined effects of a juvenile’s race and gender on the decision to transfer youth to adult court. The current study examines both the individual and joint influence of race and gender on transfer decisions of all judicial waiver-eligible youth in a Northeast state from 2004 to 2014. Results indicate that Black males had the highest likelihood of being judicially waived, followed by White males, then Black females. White females had the greatest chance of being retained in juvenile court. The findings have important implications for juvenile court processing by informing researchers, practitioners, and policyholders about potential reform efforts that target judicial waiver.

中文翻译：

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了解转移的亚群复杂性：少年种族和性别对弃权决定的影响

尽管先前的研究始终发现青少年司法决策中存在法外差异，但很少有研究调查青少年的种族和性别对决定将青少年移交给成人法院的综合影响。本研究调查了种族和性别对东北州从2004年至2014年所有符合司法豁免资格的年轻人的迁移决定的个体和共同影响。结果表明，黑人男性被司法豁免的可能性最高，其次是白人男性，然后是黑人女性。白人女性被拘留在少年法庭的可能性最大。通过向研究人员，从业人员和保单持有人告知针对司法豁免的潜在改革努力，这些发现对少年法院的处理具有重要意义。