Drawing on a text-based ethnography of digital writing in a biology laboratory, this article examines the text trajectory of a scientific manuscript and a scientific team’s related writing for public audiences, including for citizen scientists. Using data drawn from texts, observations, interviews, and related artifacts, the author examines how scientists conceptualize and adapt their multimodal writing for specialized scientific audiences as well as lay audiences interested in the work of scientific inquiry. Three concepts—meaning compression, meaning expansion, and meaning attention—were used to analyze the multimodal strategies that scientists employ when composing for different audiences. Findings suggest that while scientists often restrict their writing practices to meaning compression to maintain the values and conventions of scientific genres, they also sometimes deploy a wider range of multimodal strategies when writing for nonspecialist audiences. These findings underscore the complex rhetorical environments scientists navigate and the need to support emerging scientific writers’ development as versatile writers able to adapt varied multimodal strategies to diverse rhetorical and epistemic goals.

中文翻译：

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压缩，扩展和参与科学意义：为专业和公民科学家编写科学的符号学混合体

本文利用生物学实验室中基于文本的民族文字学数字书写技术，研究了面向公众（包括公民科学家）的科学手稿和科学团队相关写作的文本轨迹。使用从文本，观察，访谈和相关文物中获得的数据，作者研究了科学家如何针对专业的科学受众以及对科学探究工作感兴趣的受众，如何构思和改编其多模式写作。我们使用了三个概念（即压缩，含义扩展和含义关注）来分析科学家在为不同的听众作曲时采用的多峰策略。研究结果表明，尽管科学家经常将写作实践限制在含义压缩上，以保持科学体裁的价值和惯例，但在为非专业观众写作时，他们有时也会采用范围更广的多峰策略。这些发现强调了科学家所处的复杂的修辞环境，以及支持新兴的科学作家发展的需要，使他们成为能够适应各种修辞学和认识论目标的多模式策略的多才多艺的作家。