About 700 Dutchmen joined the Republican forces in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) to fight Franco specifically and fascism generally. After 1945, both surviving veterans and those writing their histories agreed that after their return, they continued their fight against fascism in Nazi-occupied Holland. This article presents a microhistory of the trajectory of three Dutchmen, and finds the links between Spain and resistance in these three cases neither obvious nor very strong. In doing so, this article highlights not only the wide varieties of anti-fascist experiences, but also emphasizes the twists in turns in how these were subsequently refashioned.

中文翻译：

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第一批抵抗者：从西班牙海沟到第二次世界大战的三个荷兰人，1936-1945

大约 700 名荷兰人在西班牙内战（1936-39 年）中加入了共和军，专门与佛朗哥和法西斯主义作战。1945 年之后，幸存的退伍军人和写历史的人都同意，回国后，他们继续在纳粹占领的荷兰与法西斯主义作斗争。本文呈现了三个荷兰人的轨迹的微观历史，并发现在这三个案例中西班牙与抵抗之间的联系既不明显也不很强。在这样做的过程中，本文不仅强调了各种各样的反法西斯经历，而且强调了这些经历随后如何重塑的曲折。