Links between elevated mental well-being in adulthood and higher social and economic resources growing up are well established. However, the role of gender remains unclear, especially whether gender influences how social and economic resources interact to produce disparities in mental well-being across young adulthood. Drawing on nationally representative longitudinal data, we illuminate gender differences in mental well-being, finding that young adult mental health advantages based in adolescent socioeconomic status pivot on parent-child emotional bonds for young men only. That is, for young adult men, lessened depressive symptom frequency linked to higher parental education only appears when perceived parent-child bonds are at least moderately close. This holds even after adjusting for earlier adolescent mental well-being, suggesting a stable mechanism across the transition to adulthood. Overall, our results uphold the argument that familial social and economic resources predict mental well-being during young adulthood while revealing that relevant mechanisms may differ by gender.

中文翻译：

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青少年的社会经济地位和亲子情感纽带：重新审视年轻成年期心理健康的性别差异

成年后的心理健康水平与日益增长的较高的社会和经济资源之间的联系已得到很好的建立。然而，性别的作用仍不清楚，尤其是性别是否影响社会和经济资源如何相互作用，从而在年轻成年期造成心理健康差异。利用全国代表性的纵向数据，我们阐明了心理健康方面的性别差异，发现基于青少年社会经济地位的年轻成人心理健康优势仅取决于年轻男性的亲子情感纽带。就是说，对于成年男性，只有在父母亲之间的亲密感至少接近一定程度时才会出现与较高的父母受教育程度相关的抑郁症状频率降低。即使在调整了较早的青少年心理健康之后，这种情况仍然存在，暗示了向成年过渡的稳定机制。总体而言，我们的研究结果支持这样的论点，即家族社会和经济资源可以预测成年后的心理健康，同时揭示出相关机制可能因性别而异。