A meta-analysis by Jost, Glaser, Kruglanski, and Sulloway (2003) suggested that existential needs to reduce threat were associated with political conservatism. Nevertheless, some maintain that fear plays as prevalent a role on the left as the right. In an attempt to resolve this issue, we reviewed evidence from 134 different samples (N = 369,525) and 16 countries—a database 16 times larger than those previously considered. Although the association between fear of death and conservatism was not reliable, there was a significant effect of mortality salience (r = .08–.13) and a significant association between subjective perceptions of threat and conservatism (r = .12–.31). Exposure to objectively threatening circumstances, such as terrorist attacks, was associated with a “conservative shift” at individual (r = .07–.14) and aggregate (r = .29–.66) levels of analysis. Psychological reactions to fear and threat thus convey a small-to-moderate political advantage for conservative leaders, parties, policies, and ...

中文翻译：

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恐惧的政治：存在动机存在意识形态上的不对称性吗？

Jost，Glaser，Kruglanski和Sulloway（2003）进行的荟萃分析表明，减少威胁的生存需求与政治保守主义有关。然而，一些人坚持认为，恐惧在左派和右派中起着普遍的作用。为了解决此问题，我们审查了来自134个不同样本（N = 369,525）和16个国家/地区的证据-该数据库比以前考虑的大16倍。尽管对死亡的恐惧与保守主义之间的关联不可靠，但死亡率显着性显着影响（r = .08–.13），主观的威胁与保守主义之间的显着关联（r = .12–.31） 。暴露于客观威胁的环境中，例如恐怖袭击，与个人（r = .07–.14）和总体（r = .29–）的“保守转变”相关。66）分析水平。因此，对恐惧和威胁的心理反应为保守派领导人，政党，政策和...传达了从中到小的政治优势。