The motivated social cognition and negativity bias perspectives each posit that threat is especially related to political conservatism, such that threat causes people to adopt politically conservative beliefs, and that political conservatives are especially responsive to threatening stimuli. In this review, I argue that there is a kernel of truth to these perspectives, but that they each define both “threat” and “conservatism” too broadly. I review evidence supporting a Compensatory Political Behavior (CPB) Model, which posits that whereas liberals and conservatives are similarly influenced by and responsive to meaning threats, conservatives, and in particular social conservatives, are differentially influenced by and responsive to physical threats. The CPB model suggests that whereas some political beliefs are more deeply rooted in psychological predispositions, others reflect more surface-based ideological motives. I conclude with suggestions for future research to test the model's predictions regarding...

中文翻译：

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保守派比自由主义者更容易受到威胁吗？这取决于我们如何定义威胁和保守主义

有动机的社会认知和消极偏见的观点都认为威胁特别与政治保守主义有关，例如威胁导致人们采用政治上的保守主义信念，而政治保守派对威胁性刺激特别敏感。在这篇评论中，我认为这些观点有真相，但它们各自对“威胁”和“保守主义”的定义都过于宽泛。我回顾了支持补偿性政治行为（CPB）模型的证据，该模型认为，尽管自由主义者和保守派同样受到意义威胁的影响并对其做出反应，但保守派，尤其是社会保守派，则受到身体威胁的不同影响和反应。CPB模型表明，尽管某些政治信仰更深植于心理倾向中，但其他一些政治信仰反映出更多基于表面的意识形态动机。最后，我提出了有关未来研究的建议，以测试有关...的模型预测。