We utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design to assess the effects of job search skills training on job search knowledge, job search behavior, job search behavior self-efficacy, and job search outcomes self-efficacy. We also examined differences in outcomes based on participation in a vocational rehabilitation agency-sponsored summer work experience (SWE) program. Participants were 92 youth with visual impairments, ages 15 to 22 years, from three U.S. states. The intervention was an intensive job search skills training program involving 35 to 40 hr of content; 42 youth also participated in an SWE program for approximately 6 weeks. Intervention group participants significantly improved in job search knowledge, job search behavior, and job search behavior self-efficacy in contrast to comparison group participants, but results for job search outcomes self-efficacy did not differentiate the two groups. SWE participation by itself was related to increases in both self-efficacy measures, and participation in the intervention plus the SWE was related to larger increases in job search behavior self-efficacy. Results indicate that job search skills training and SWE programs may have differential effects on short-term outcomes. Rather than finding jobs for youth, practitioners could foster youths’ competence, confidence, and preparation for the future by teaching job search skills and encouraging independent job-seeking.

中文翻译：

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求职技能培训的短期效果：按暑期工作经验参与的比较

我们采用准实验前测后测设计来评估求职技能培训对求职知识、求职行为、求职行为自我效能感和求职结果自我效能感的影响。我们还研究了基于参与职业康复机构赞助的暑期工作经验 (SWE) 计划的结果差异。参与者是来自美国三个州的 92 名视力障碍青年，年龄在 15 至 22 岁之间。干预是一个密集的求职技能培训计划，涉及 35 到 40 小时的内容；42 名青年还参加了大约 6 周的 SWE 计划。与对照组参与者相比，干预组参与者在求职知识、求职行为和求职行为自我效能方面显着提高，但求职结果自我效能的结果并没有区分这两个群体。SWE 参与本身与两种自我效能感的增加有关，而参与干预加上 SWE 与求职行为自我效能感的更大增加有关。结果表明，求职技能培训和 SWE 计划可能对短期结果产生不同的影响。从业者不是为青年找工作，而是通过教授求职技巧和鼓励独立求职来培养青年的能力、信心和为未来做好准备。参与干预加上 SWE 与求职行为自我效能感的更大增加有关。结果表明，求职技能培训和 SWE 计划可能对短期结果产生不同的影响。从业者不是为青年找工作，而是通过教授求职技巧和鼓励独立求职来培养青年的能力、信心和为未来做好准备。参与干预加上 SWE 与求职行为自我效能感的更大增加有关。结果表明，求职技能培训和 SWE 计划可能对短期结果产生不同的影响。从业者不是为青年找工作，而是通过教授求职技巧和鼓励独立求职来培养青年的能力、信心和为未来做好准备。