In a previous study, it was found that several constructs derived from a positive definition of mental health had changed during psychotherapy. It remains unclear whether they change as part of a single process together with symptomatic change, as part of separate processes, or whether a change in one of the variables predicts change in another variable. Our objective in this study was to examine the relationship between the observed changes and to establish temporal precedence that constitutes a necessary condition for causation. Sixty-two clients who underwent psychotherapy in a naturalistic setting completed questionnaires at 5 time points throughout treatment. The change scores for each client in each of the variables were calculated. The correlations between the changes' scores were tested. To examine the time order, we used autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. A negative correlation was found between the symptoms change score and the happiness change score, r(60) = -0.53, p < .000. A positive correlation was detected between playfulness and happiness change scores, r(60) = 0.31, p = .014. Playfulness predicted subsequent levels of creativity, b = 0.66, t(121) = 2.1, p < .05. Honesty-humility levels predicted subsequent levels of creativity, b = 0.65, t(121) = 9.71, p < .001. The findings support the claim that the change in positive features of mental health is an independent process from symptomatic improvement. In addition, playfulness and honesty-humility temporally precede creativity, and thus might be part of a single change in a mental health construct that is positively defined. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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心理健康的积极特征是否会随着症状而改变，并且相互预测？

在先前的研究中，发现从心理健康的肯定定义中衍生出的几种结构在心理治疗期间已发生了变化。尚不清楚它们是否是作为单个过程的一部分与有症状的改变一起作为单独过程的一部分而改变，还是作为一个变量的改变预示着另一个变量的改变。我们在这项研究中的目标是检查观察到的变化之间的关系，并建立构成因果关系必要条件的时间优先顺序。在自然疗法中接受心理治疗的62位客户在整个治疗过程中的5个时间点完成了问卷调查。计算每个变量中每个客户的变化得分。测试了变更得分之间的相关性。要检查时间顺序，我们使用了自回归交叉滞后建模。症状改变得分与幸福感改变得分之间呈负相关，r（60）= -0.53，p <.000。嬉戏和幸福感变化得分之间呈正相关，r（60）= 0.31，p = .014。嬉戏性预测了随后的创造力水平，b = 0.66，t（121）= 2.1，p <.05。诚实谦卑的水平预测了以后的创造力水平，b = 0.65，t（121）= 9.71，p <.001。这些发现支持了以下观点：精神健康的积极特征的改变是独立于症状改善的独立过程。此外，嬉戏和诚实谦逊在时间上先于创造力，因此可能是积极定义的心理健康构造的单一变化的一部分。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。