This pilot study examined structured dyadic behavior therapy (SDBT) as a novel, child skills training intervention for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to (a) pilot the feasibility of SDBT, a manualized, child skills training intervention, (b) determine the potential clinical benefits of SDBT as an independent psychotherapy for ADHD, and (c) examine parents' intervention acceptability. Children of 8-12 years of age with ADHD-combined type (N = 34) were randomly assigned to either SDBT or an "attention control" condition receiving child-centered dyadic therapy (CCDT). SDBT targeted high-frequency behavioral and social demands often challenging for children with ADHD. CCDT provided nondirective, experiential psychotherapy without any contingency management methods. Descriptive data revealed a high level of treatment attendance and completion (90%) for both conditions. General linear modeling techniques (multivariate analysis of variance) examined group differences in ADHD outcomes. Results indicated statistically significant differences between the two groups, with greater ADHD symptom reduction for SDBT (Wilks' λ = .61), F(3, 30) = 6.36, p = .002, ηp² = .39. SDBT also demonstrated clinically meaningful changes, with ADHD symptom severity reduced below categorical levels of functional impairment. Despite superior behavioral outcomes for SDBT, intervention acceptability did not significantly differ for the two psychotherapies. Results support SDBT as a feasible, clinically promising, and acceptable intervention for ADHD. Parent satisfaction ratings suggest dyadic therapies may benefit participants beyond symptom reduction. Implications for intervention portability and treating ADHD without direct adult participation are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童技能培训：结构化二元行为疗法（SDBT）的随机对照试验。

这项前瞻性研究研究了结构化的二元行为疗法（SDBT），将其作为一种针对注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的新型儿童技能培训干预措施。这项研究的目的是（a）试行SDBT的可行性，这是一种手动的儿童技能培训干预措施；（b）确定SDBT作为ADHD的独立心理疗法的潜在临床益处；以及（c）检查父母的干预可接受性。患有ADHD合并型的8-12岁儿童（N = 34）被随机分配到SDBT或接受以儿童为中心的二联疗法（CCDT）的“注意力控制”状态。SDBT针对高频率的行为和社会需求，通常对多动症儿童具有挑战性。CCDT提供了无指导性的体验式心理治疗，没有任何应急管理方法。描述性数据显示，两种情况的治疗出席率和完成率都很高（90％）。通用线性建模技术（方差的多变量分析）检查了ADHD结果中的组差异。结果表明两组之间在统计学上有显着差异，SDBT的ADHD症状减轻更大（Wilksλ= 0.61），F（3，30）= 6.36，p = 0.002，ηp²= 0.39。SDBT还显示出临床上有意义的变化，ADHD症状严重程度降至功能障碍的分类水平以下。尽管SDBT的行为表现更好，但两种心理疗法的干预可接受性并没有显着差异。结果支持SDBT是对ADHD可行，临床上有希望且可接受的干预措施。父母的满意度等级表明，二战疗法可能会减轻症状，但可能会使参与者受益。讨论了在没有成人直接参与的情况下干预移植性和治疗多动症的意义。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。