Objective: The current study investigated the buffering effect of positive social exchanges at work on the way workplace aggression and violence, both verbal and physical, affect individual well-being and commitment to the organization. Method: We collected survey responses from staff working in long-term care facilities (N = 723) about their experiences with residents and their outlook on their health and commitment to their workplaces. Results: Using multilevel modeling, we found a significant interaction effect of positive social exchanges with residents on resident-instigated aggression and violence in explaining the levels of employee well-being and commitment. Simple slopes analyses suggested that in staff who experience more positive social exchanges the negative effects of aggression and violence on individual well-being and commitment were dampened compared with staff who experienced less positive social exchanges. Conclusions: Because mistreatment behaviors operate in a wider context of concurrent social behaviors, examining experiences of aggression and violence without considering positive social exchanges can result in a truncated and misleading body of research findings. Furthermore, based on our findings, we recommend that employers should focus not only on eliminating aggressive and violent incidents at work but also on providing opportunities for care workers to develop high-quality relationships with their residents.

中文翻译：

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善与恶：积极的社会交往对护理人员与居民关系中的侵略起到缓冲作用。

目的：本研究调查了积极的社会交流在工作中对口头和身体上的工作场所侵略和暴力对个人福祉和对组织的承诺的缓冲作用。方法：我们从长期护理机构（N = 723）工作的员工那里收集了有关他们与居民的经历以及他们对健康的看法以及对工作场所的承诺的调查反馈。结果：使用多层模型，我们在解释员工的福祉和承诺水平时发现，与居民进行积极的社交交流对居民引发的侵略和暴力有显着的交互作用。简单的斜率分析表明，与社交活动较少的员工相比，在进行积极的社会交流的员工中，侵略和暴力对个人福祉和承诺的负面影响得到了抑制。结论：由于虐待行为是在更广泛的同时发生的社会行为中发生的，因此，在不考虑积极的社会交流的情况下审视侵略和暴力的经历，可能会导致研究结果被截断和误导。此外，根据我们的调查结果，我们建议雇主不仅应侧重于消除工作中的侵害和暴力事件，而且应着重于为护理人员提供与他们的居民发展高质量关系的机会。