Migration is one of the key livelihood strategies for households, especially those in low-income and middle-income regions. In this study, we investigate whether the economic level and inequality of wealth can affect inter-governorate migration in Egypt. Using gravity models and data from Population and Housing Censuses of Egypt, we are able to measure the push as well as pull effects of economic and wealth inequality levels on internal migration flows. Although there are a large number of studies on the effect of economic levels on migration, there is little if anything known about the effect of wealth inequality between the origin and destination areas on migration. We measure wealth levels using the household asset index. We find that people tend to move to governorates with high wealth levels as well as high wealth inequality. There is a positive association between wealth inequality and economic growth in Egypt. Governorates with high wealth inequality tend to experience high economic growth and therefore attract more migrants. This study’s findings also suggest that unlike non-work migration, the low wealth level in origin governorates is a push factor for work migration.

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财富不平等和政府间移民：来自埃及的证据

移民是家庭，尤其是中低收入地区家庭的主要生计策略之一。在这项研究中，我们调查了经济水平和财富不平等是否会影响埃及的跨省移民。使用重力模型和埃及人口和住房普查的数据，我们能够衡量经济和财富不平等水平对国内移民流动的推动和拉动效应。尽管有大量关于经济水平对移民影响的研究，但关于来源地和目的地地区之间的财富不平等对移民的影响知之甚少。我们使用家庭资产指数来衡量财富水平。我们发现人们倾向于搬到财富水平高且财富不平等程度高的省份。埃及的财富不平等与经济增长之间存在正相关关系。财富不平等程度较高的省份往往经济增长较快，因此会吸引更多的移民。本研究的结果还表明，与非工作移民不同，原籍省份的低财富水平是工作移民的推动因素。