Over the last twenty-five years, immigration detention policies and practices have proliferated around the globe. We look at four liberal democratic countries with the largest immigration detention systems—Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States—and identify components of an immigration detention policy ‘package’ as well as historical parallels in the early adoption of detention in these countries. This ‘Anglo model’ of detention is based on three main features: (1) the existence of indefinite and/or mandatory immigration detention policies; (2) the use of private security actors and infrastructure; and (3) the use of creative legal geographies in order to interdict and detain people offshore. Past scholarship on detention has focused on single national case studies or assumed the leadership of the US as the primary innovator in the field. Our paper establishes the empirical and theoretical grounds for considering these countries as a group and suggests a more complex process of policy adoption among them. Identifying an Anglo model of detention lays the critical groundwork for understanding the expansion of immigration detention and the transnational diffusion of detention policies among these countries, as well as where and how countervailing pressures to detention might form.

中文翻译：

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移民拘留：英式模式

在过去的 25 年中，移民拘留政策和做法在全球范围内激增。我们考察了四个拥有最大移民拘留系统的自由民主国家——澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国——并确定了移民拘留政策“一揽子”的组成部分以及在早期采用拘留的历史相似之处这些国家。这种“英式拘留模式”基于三个主要特征：(1) 无限期和/或强制性移民拘留政策的存在；(2) 使用私人保安人员和基础设施；(3) 使用创造性的法律地理来拦截和拘留离岸人员。过去关于拘留的奖学金主要集中在单个国家案例研究上，或者将美国视为该领域的主要创新者。我们的论文确立了将这些国家视为一个群体的经验和理论基础，并提出了在它们之间采用更复杂的政策过程。确定一种盎格鲁拘留模式为理解移民拘留的扩大和拘留政策在这些国家之间的跨国传播，以及对拘留的反补贴压力可能形成的地点和方式奠定了重要的基础。