The use of agree/disagree (A/D) questions is a common technique to measure attitudes. For instance, this question format is employed frequently in the Eurobarometer and International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Theoretical considerations, however, suggest that A/D questions require a complex processing. Therefore, many survey researchers have recommended the use of item-specific (IS) questions, since they seem to be less burdensome. Parallel to this methodological discussion is the discussion around the use of mobile devices for responding to surveys. However, until now, evidence has been lacking as to whether the use of mobile devices for survey response affects the performance of established question formats. In this study, implemented in the Netquest panel in Spain (N = 1,476), we investigated the cognitive effort and response quality associated with A/D and IS questions across PCs and smartphones. For this purpose, we applied a split-ballot design defined by device type and question format. Our analyses revealed longer response times for IS questions than A/D questions, irrespective of the device type and scale length. Also, the IS questions produced better response quality than their A/D counterparts. All in all, the findings indicate a more conscientious response to IS questions compared to A/D questions.

中文翻译：

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在PC和智能手机上比较同意/不同意和特定于项目的问题的性能

使用同意/不同意（A / D）问题是衡量态度的常用技术。例如，欧洲晴雨表和国际社会调查计划（ISSP）经常采用这种问题格式。但是，从理论上讲，A / D问题需要复杂的处理。因此，许多调查研究人员建议使用特定项目（IS）的问题，因为它们似乎不那么麻烦。与这种方法学讨论平行的是围绕使用移动设备响应调查的讨论。但是，直到现在，关于使用移动设备进行问卷调查是否会影响已建立的问题格式的性能，仍缺乏证据。在这项研究中，由西班牙的Netquest小组实施（N = 1,476），我们调查了PC和智能手机上与A / D和IS问题相关的认知努力和响应质量。为此，我们采用了按设备类型和问题格式定义的拆分投票设计。我们的分析表明，与设备类型和标尺长度无关，IS问题的响应时间比A / D问题的响应时间更长。此外，IS问题比A / D问题产生的回答质量更好。总而言之，与A / D问题相比，调查结果表明对IS问题的回应更加认真。IS问题产生的回答质量比A / D问题更好。总而言之，与A / D问题相比，调查结果表明对IS问题的回应更加认真。IS问题产生的回答质量比A / D问题更好。总而言之，调查结果表明，与A / D问题相比，对IS问题的回应更加认真。