Abstract:The current study contrasted two different hypotheses about the relationship between sibling personality and sibling relationship quality: absolute value and dyadic similarity. The absolute value hypothesis suggests that the level of one sibling’s personality will predict sibling relationship quality. The dyadic similarity hypothesis argues that the similarity between siblings on personality will be associated with sibling relationship quality. Observational data on child personality and maternal-report data on sibling relationship quality were collected on 321 sibling dyads (N = 642). Children were videotaped while completing five tasks, and personality traits were rated by independent raters based on thin-slice methodology. Support was found for the absolute value hypothesis but not the sibling similarity hypothesis: the personality traits of younger siblings predicted sibling relationship agonism, particularly when the older sibling was female. Findings suggest that older sisters are more sensitive to negativity in their younger siblings than are older brothers.

中文翻译：

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兄弟姐妹的人格特征，二元性别组成及其与兄弟姐妹关系质量的关联

摘要：目前的研究对同胞人格与同胞关系质量之间的关系提出了两种不同的假设：绝对值和二元相似性。绝对值假设表明，一个同胞的人格水平将预测同胞的关系质量。二元相似性假设认为，兄弟姐妹在人格上的相似性将与兄弟姐妹的关系质量有关。在321个同胞双胞胎中收集了有关儿童人格的观察数据和有关同胞关系质量的母婴报告数据（N = 642）。在完成五项任务时对孩子进行了录像，并由独立评估者根据薄片方法对人格特质进行了评估。找到了对绝对值假设的支持，但没有对同级相似性假设的支持：年幼的兄弟姐妹的人格特征预示着兄弟姐妹之间的关系激动，特别是在年长的兄弟姐妹是女性的情况下。研究结果表明，大姐姐对年幼兄弟姐妹的消极情绪比大兄弟更敏感。