Abstract: This study examined the prospective links between maladaptive anger regulation and aggressive behavior in middle childhood over a 10-month period, analyzing the mediating influence of peer problems. Participants were 599 elementary-school children in Germany, aged 6–10 years at Time 1 (T1) and 7–11 years at Time 2 (T2). Anger regulation at T1 was assessed via a structured behavioral observation in an anger-eliciting situation. Aggression was measured using a teacher-report questionnaire that assessed the frequency as well as the functions (reactive and proactive) of aggressive behavior at T1 and T2. Peer problems were assessed through parent reports, teacher reports, and self-reports at both data waves. At T1, maladaptive anger regulation was associated with peer problems, the frequency of aggressive behavior, and reactive but not proactive aggression. Latent structural equation modeling revealed that, longitudinally, maladaptive anger regulation indirectly predicted the frequency and functions of aggression through eliciting peer problems.

中文翻译：

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不良适应性愤怒调节，同伴问题和童年侵略之间的纵向联系

摘要：本研究研究了在10个月的时期中，儿童适应不良的愤怒调节与攻击行为之间的前瞻性联系，分析了同伴问题的中介影响。参与者是德国的599名小学生，年龄1（T1）为6-10岁，时间2（T2）为7-11岁。在引发愤怒的情况下，通过结构化的行为观察来评估T1的愤怒调节。使用教师报告问卷调查攻击性，该问卷评估了T1和T2攻击行为的频率以及功能（反应性和主动性）。通过父母报告，教师报告和两个数据波的自我报告评估了同伴问题。在T1，不良的愤怒调节与同伴问题，攻击行为的频率，反应性但不是主动的侵略。潜在的结构方程模型显示，从纵向上，适应不良的愤怒调节通过引发同伴问题间接预测了攻击的频率和功能。