Gratitude was racialised in Victorian culture. Drawing on a wide historical framework, which takes in eighteenth-century proslavery arguments as well as twenty-first-century anti-immigrant discourses, I explore how Victorian-era texts placed demands upon enslaved, formerly enslaved, and colonised peoples to feel thankful for their treatment as British imperial subjects. My article ranges over contexts and academic debates, and surveys nineteenth-century discourses, but it coheres around a case study concerning media reportage of the brief residence of a young West African, Eyo Ekpenyon Eyo II, in Colwyn Bay, Wales, in 1893. In a contextual examination of the press reaction to Eyo’s decision to abandon his British schooling, this article draws attention to the implicit, submerged inequalities, exemplified in the demand for gratitude, through which Victorian Britain articulated the affective qualities of white hegemony.

中文翻译：

---

维多利亚文化中感恩的种族化

感恩在维多利亚时代的文化中被种族化了。借鉴广泛的历史框架，其中包含 18 世纪的奴隶制论点以及 21 世纪的反移民话语，我探讨了维多利亚时代的文本如何对被奴役的、以前被奴役的和被殖民的人民提出要求，以感谢他们他们作为英国帝国臣民的待遇。我的文章涵盖了背景和学术辩论，并调查了 19 世纪的话语，但它围绕一个关于媒体报道的案例研究展开，该案例研究了 1893 年在威尔士科尔温湾的年轻西非人 Eyo Ekpenyon Eyo II 的短暂住所。在对媒体对 Eyo 决定放弃英国教育的反应的背景调查中，本文提请注意隐含的、淹没的不平等，例如对感恩的需求，