Positive biases in memory serve as cognitive mechanisms of emotional regulation. It has been debated whether this ability is impaired in depression only for self-referent contents. The current study investigated the role of self-reference and age in memory bias in depression, in clinically depressed individuals (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 39), aged 22–80 years. Participants completed recall and recognition tasks of experimentally presented positive, negative, and neutral non-self-referent images, and retrieved and rated a self-generated selection of autobiographical memories. The results suggested that depressed patients, relative to healthy controls, retrieved fewer positive self-referent memories. Importantly, depressed patients were positively biased when recalling non-self-referent memories. The positivity of biases decreased with age for self-referent and increased with age for non-self-referent memory contents in both groups. The overall results suggested that mood-regulating mechanisms can b...

中文翻译：

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抑郁症中的记忆偏见：自我参照和年龄的影响

记忆中的正偏是情绪调节的认知机制。争论的是，这种能力是否仅出于自我指涉的内容而在抑郁中受到损害。当前的研究调查了年龄在22-80岁的临床抑郁个体（n = 41）和健康对照（n = 39）中自我参考和年龄在抑郁症患者记忆偏见中的作用。参与者完成了实验性呈现的正，负和中性非自参考图像的召回和识别任务，并检索并评估了自传选择的自传记忆。结果表明，与健康对照组相比，抑郁症患者检索到的阳性自指记忆更少。重要的是，当回忆起非自述记忆时，抑郁症患者会产生积极的偏见。在两组中，自我参照的偏见阳性随年龄的增加而降低，对于非自我参照的记忆内容，偏见的阳性随年龄的增加而增加。总体结果表明，情绪调节机制可以促进...