Objectives:

The recurring mass murder of students in schools has sparked an intense debate about how best to increase school safety. Because public opinion weighs heavily in this debate, we examine public views on how best to prevent school shootings. We theorize that three moral-altruistic factors are likely to be broadly relevant to public opinion on school safety policies: moral intuitions about harm, anger about school crime, and altruistic fear.

Methods:

We commissioned YouGov to survey 1,100 Americans to explore support for a range of gun control and school programming policies and willingness to pay for school target hardening. We test the ability of a moral-altruistic model to explain public opinion, while controlling for the major predictors of gun control attitudes found in the social sciences.

Results:

The public strongly supports policies that restrict who can access guns, expand school anti-bullying and counseling programs, and target-harden schools. While many factors influence attitudes toward gun-related policies specifically, moral-altruistic factors significantly increase support for all three types of school safety policies.

Conclusions:

The public favors a comprehensive policy response and is willing to pay for it. Support for prevention efforts reflects moral intuitions about harm, anger about school crime, and altruistic fear.

中文翻译：

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公众支持减少学校枪击事件的政策：一种道德无私的模型

目标：

反复发生的在校学生大规模杀人事件引发了关于如何最好地提高学校安全性的激烈辩论。由于舆论在这场辩论中起着举足轻重的作用，因此我们研究了如何最好地防止学校枪击事件的公众观点。我们认为，道德上的三个利他因素可能与学校安全政策的舆论广泛相关：关于危害的道德直觉，对学校犯罪的愤怒和利他的恐惧。

方法：

我们委托YouGov对1,100名美国人进行了调查，以探索对一系列枪支管制和学校编程政策的支持以及是否愿意为加强学校目标支付费用。我们测试了道德利他模型解释公众舆论的能力，同时控制了社会科学中发现的枪支管制态度的主要预测因素。

结果：

公众大力支持限制谁可以使用枪支，扩大学校反欺凌和咨询计划以及对学校进行加固的政策。尽管有许多因素会特别影响人们对与枪支有关的政策的态度，但道德无私的因素却大大增加了对所有三种学校安全政策的支持。

结论：

公众赞成采取全面的政策应对措施，并愿意为此付出代价。对预防工作的支持反映出对伤害的道德直觉，对学校犯罪的愤怒和无私的恐惧。