Objectives:

Prior research has documented that residential mobility has the potential to trigger both criminal persistence and desistance, with frequent moving often predicting persistence and long-distance moving predicting desistance. However, less work has considered this possibility during the transition to adulthood. To address this shortcoming, we assessed the effects of different residential moves on offending during this period in the life course.

Methods:

Using 15 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 Cohort, a sample of youth followed from ages 12 to 32, we used mixed-effects models to examine whether frequent moving, between-county moves (a proxy for long-distance), and moving distance are associated with within-individual change in self-reported offending and arrest.

Results:

Findings indicated that frequent moving was not associated with persistent offending. In addition, individuals who made between-county moves showed significant within-individual reductions in self-reported offending and arrest, with those reductions emerging immediately after the move and persisting over time. Finally, individuals who moved further in distance were more likely to experience reductions in self-reported offending, although any moving distance reduced arrest.

Conclusions:

A long-distance residential move may serve as a turning point that facilitates reductions in self-reported offending and arrest.

中文翻译：

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向成年过渡期间居民出行对刑事持久性和维持性的影响

目标：

先前的研究已经证明，居民的流动性有可能引发犯罪的持久性和持久性，其中经常移动经常预测出持久性，而长途移动则预测出持久性。但是，在过渡到成年期间，很少有工作考虑这种可能性。为了解决这一缺陷，我们评估了在此过程中，在此期间，不同的住宅搬迁对犯罪行为的影响。

方法：

我们使用了1997年全国青年纵向调查的15浪数据（样本是12至32岁的年轻人），我们使用混合效应模型来检查是否频繁移动，县际移动（长途代理）以及移动距离与自我报告的犯罪和逮捕中的个人内部变化有关。

结果：

调查结果表明，频繁搬家与持续犯罪无关。此外，进行县际转移的个人在自我报告的犯罪行为和逮捕方面在个人内部显着减少，这些减少在转移之后立即出现并随着时间的推移持续存在。最后，距离越远的人越有可能减少自我报告的犯罪行为，尽管任何距离都可以减少逮捕。

结论：

长途住宅搬家可能会成为一个转折点，有助于减少自我报告的犯罪和逮捕。