Objectives: Research on criminal continuity and change has traditionally focused on elements of the adult life course (e.g., marriage and employment); however, recent social and economic changes suggest the need to consider a broader range of factors. In addition, researchers have increasingly recognized the importance of identity changes in the desistance process. Methods: Using five waves of structured data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study (TARS), we examined identity changes, shifts in involvement with delinquent peers, and variability in closeness with parents as influences on desistance. In-depth interviews with a subset of TARS respondents offered a person-centered lens on individual and social processes associated with variability in criminal behavior. Results: Findings indicated that identity changes were associated with declines in offending. In addition, changes in parental closeness and the extent of affiliation with antisocial peers contributed to patterns of offending, net of these subjectively experienced cognitive changes. Conclusions: Cognitive processes are important to desistance. However, they do not independently provide a path to sustained behavioral change. Social experiences, including changes in relationships/supports from parents and affiliation with delinquent peers, also figure into change processes. We discuss the implications of our findings for future research and programmatic efforts.

中文翻译：

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成年过渡期间停止犯罪：父母、同龄人和身份转变的影响


目标：对犯罪连续性和变化的研究传统上侧重于成人生命历程的要素（例如婚姻和就业）；然而，最近的社会和经济变化表明需要考虑更广泛的因素。此外，研究人员越来越认识到身份改变在戒烟过程中的重要性。方法：利用来自托莱多青少年关系研究（TARS）的五波结构化数据，我们研究了身份变化、与犯罪同龄人的关系变化以及与父母的亲密程度的变化对戒烟的影响。对一部分 TARS 受访者的深入访谈为与犯罪行为变异性相关的个人和社会过程提供了以人为本的视角。结果：研究结果表明，身份的改变与犯罪率的下降有关。此外，除去这些主观经历的认知变化，父母亲密度的变化以及与反社会同龄人的关系程度也会导致犯罪模式。结论：认知过程对于戒烟很重要。然而，它们并不能独立地提供持续行为改变的途径。社会经历，包括父母关系/支持的变化以及与犯罪同龄人的关系的变化，也会影响变化过程。我们讨论我们的发现对未来研究和计划工作的影响。