Forced migration and displacement are often associated with increased exposure to various risks which negatively affect personal safety. While experiences of displaced populations are heterogeneous, women have been shown to be exposed to intersecting factors, such as vulnerability to gender-based violence, restricting cultural norms, and discrimination. Being a mother or at least responsible for the care of a child while en route stands as another marginalising factor. This paper’s point of departure is the so-called European ‘refugee crisis’ which peaked in 2015, and examines the effects of gender and family on the experience of safety among refugees in six refugee centres in Greece. We explore how intersecting issues such as gender roles and being responsible for children impact individuals’ feelings of safety. Using descriptive statistics and regression analyses of survey data on 367 migrants in six Greek refugee centres, we find that female migrants are more likely to feel unsafe compared to males. However, when we control for the effect of having children, and of travelling with children, we find that the effect of gender is severely weakened. Our conclusion is that dissimilar experiences of safety along gender dimension are conditioned by norms and obligations inscribed in social roles of parents and caregivers.

中文翻译：

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希腊难民中心的性别，父母身份和安全感

强迫迁徙和流离失所往往与增加暴露于各种危害个人安全的风险有关。尽管流离失所者的经历是多种多样的，但事实表明，妇女面临着交织的因素，例如容易遭受基于性别的暴力，限制文化规范和歧视。在途中成为母亲或至少负责照顾孩子是另一个边缘化因素。本文的出发点是所谓的欧洲“难民危机”，该危机在2015年达到顶峰，研究了性别和家庭对希腊六个难民中心难民安全体验的影响。我们探索诸如性别角色和对孩子负责等相交的问题如何影响个人的安全感。通过对六个希腊难民中心的367名移民的描述性统计和调查数据的回归分析，我们发现，与男性相比，女性移民更容易感到不安全。但是，当我们控制生孩子和带孩子旅行的影响时，我们发现性别的影响被严重削弱。我们的结论是，沿着性别维度的不同安全经历受父母和照顾者的社会角色所刻划的规范和义务的制约。