The informal provision of benefits to the poor in exchange for political support, known as clientelism, often provides access to land and services for the urban poor in informal settlements in developing democracies. This review of multidisciplinary literature finds that while clientelism provides the urban poor with some access to the state, its benefits are often inadequate and inequitable. This kind of informal provision also disincentivizes or interferes with the implementation of formal plans. The literature provides some examples of transitions away from clientelism, but lessons for planners in facilitating such transitions are elusive.

中文翻译：

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发展中民主国家非正式定居点的客户服务和规划

以非正式方式向穷人提供福利以换取政治支持，即所谓的附庸，通常为发展中民主国家的非正式住区中的城市贫民提供获得土地和服务的机会。对多学科文献的审查发现，虽然侍奉为城市贫民提供了一些进入国家的机会，但其收益往往不足且不公平。这种非正式的规定也会抑制或干扰正式计划的实施。文献提供了一些远离客户主义的转变的例子，但规划者在促进这种转变方面的经验教训是难以捉摸的。