Diary studies of personality have shown that personality is variable, and can help the person deal appropriately with the different interpersonal demands they encounter. This study aims to demonstrate how interpersonal context predicts personality states. Thirty-six participants (9 male, 27 female, Mage = 24.72, SD = 7.11) kept an online diary for one month. The diary recorded measurements of HEXACO personality states, momentary interpersonal factors including current interpersonal role (with friend, family member, partner, as employee/student, alone), and social goal orientation (socializing with others, avoidance of others, asserting yourself, personal/work achievement), and dispositional anxiety and depression. Individuals’ personality states were found to vary considerably across measurements in a normal distribution. Multilevel modelling analyses showed that interpersonal factors did predict within subject personality variation. Social goal orientations had a greater relative impact than interpersonal roles. Depression had a significant effect on between subject variance in state emotionality. These findings highlight the importance of interpersonal context in predicting stable personality variation.

中文翻译：

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人际关系背景下人格状态的变化

对人格的日记研究表明，人格是可变的，可以帮助人适当地应对他们所遇到的不同的人际关系需求。这项研究旨在证明人际关系如何预测人格状态。36位参与者（9位男性，27位女性，法师= 24.72，SD = 7.11）保留了一个月的在线日记。日记记录了HEXACO人格状态，瞬时人际因素（包括当前人际角色（与朋友，家人，伴侣，作为雇员/学生，独自一人））和社会目标取向（与他人交往，回避他人，主张自己，个人）的测量结果/工作成就），以及性格焦虑和抑郁。发现个体的性格状态在正态分布的各个测量中有很大的不同。多层次建模分析表明，人际因素确实可以预测受试者的人格变异。社会目标取向比人际角色具有更大的相对影响。抑郁对主体间状态情绪的变化有重大影响。这些发现凸显了人际关系在预测稳定人格变化中的重要性。