Objective: In this study review, the relationship between observed parental behavior and the observed symptoms of distress in pediatric patients, as well as the subjective experiences of pain in pediatric patients undergoing painful medical procedures, was analyzed. Method: A systematic search of articles using PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, and DARE was performed. The risk of bias and the level of evidence were assessed. Meta-analyses were performed for the selected variables. Results: Twenty-nine relevant publications were selected. The results of the analyses showed that apology, giving control to the child, empathy, and criticism were most strongly associated with children's distress and pain during painful medical procedures in the group of patients aged 2 to 18 years. In the case of patients below the age of 2, insensitive behaviors were positively related to the level of distress. Conclusions: The lack of tender, physical closeness with the parent increases distress in children under 2 years of age during painful medical procedures, and adults drawing their attention to the threatening aspects of a medical situation produces this effect in older children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

儿科医疗过程中的父母行为以及儿童的痛苦和痛苦：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的：在本研究综述中，分析了观察到的父母行为与观察到的儿科病人的痛苦症状之间的关系，以及接受痛苦医疗程序的儿科病人的疼痛主观经历。方法：使用PsycARTICLES，PsycINFO，PubMed，MEDLINE，Scopus，Cochrane和DARE对文章进行系统的搜索。评估偏倚风险和证据水平。对所选变量进行荟萃分析。结果：选择了29篇相关出版物。分析结果表明，在2至18岁的患者组中，对孩子进行控制的道歉，同理心和批评与孩子在痛苦的医疗程序中的苦恼和疼痛密切相关。对于2岁以下的患者 麻木不仁的行为与苦恼程度呈正相关。结论：在痛苦的医疗过程中，与父母缺乏亲密，身体上的亲密关系增加了2岁以下儿童的痛苦，而成年人引起他们对医疗状况的威胁方面的关注会在较大的儿童中产生这种效果。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。