OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to examine the role of stress and four different types of social support in satisfaction with life (SWL) among adults with rare diseases (RDs). We examined whether support is directly related to SWL (main effects model) or related through moderating the inverse relationship between stress and SWL (stress-buffering hypothesis). METHOD Data came from a cross-sectional survey of adults living in the United States diagnosed with any RD. Participants (n = 1,203) filled out measures of stress, four short-form scales of social support (emotional, informational, tangible, companionship), and SWL. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test both the main effects model and stress-buffering hypothesis. RESULTS Controlling for age, gender, years since diagnosis, and symptom severity, emotional support, but not informational or tangible support, positively predicted SWL. Companionship support was related to SWL over and above other factors. Stress negatively predicted SWL, but none of the types of support moderated this relationship. CONCLUSION Results suggest companionship and emotional support are beneficial to individuals with RDs regardless of their stress levels. Intervention research should focus on ways to foster more companionship and emotional support to improve SWL in this underserved population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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成年人罕见疾病的社会支持，压力和生活满意度。

目的本研究的目的是检验在患有稀有疾病（RD）的成年人中，压力和四种不同类型的社会支持对生活满意度（SWL）的作用。我们检查了支持是直接与SWL（主效应模型）相关，还是通过调节压力与SWL之间的逆关系（压力缓冲假设）而相关。方法数据来自对在美国诊断为任何RD的成年人的横断面调查。参与者（n = 1,203）填写了压力测度，四个简短的社会支持量表（情感，信息，有形，陪伴）和SWL。分层多元回归用于检验主要效应模型和压力缓冲假设。结果控制了年龄，性别，诊断以来的时间以及症状的严重程度，情绪支持，但不能提供任何信息或切实的支持，而可以肯定地预测SWL。除了其他因素外，陪伴支持还与SWL有关。压力负面地预测了SWL，但是没有一种支持类型可以缓解这种关系。结论结果表明，无论RD水平如何，陪伴和情感支持对RD患者都是有益的。干预研究应集中于培养更多同伴和情感支持的方法，以改善这一服务水平低下的人群的SWL。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。结论结果表明，无论RD水平如何，陪伴和情感支持对RD患者都是有益的。干预研究应集中于培养更多同伴关系和情感支持的方法，以改善这一服务水平低下的人群的SWL。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。结论结果表明，无论RD水平如何，陪伴和情感支持对RD患者都是有益的。干预研究应集中于培养更多同伴关系和情感支持的方法，以改善这一服务水平低下的人群的SWL。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。