Objective: Appetitive risk behaviors (ARB), including tobacco use, alcohol consumption, consumption of calorie dense/nutrient-poor foods, and sexual risk behavior contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality. Affective states that arise from a wide array of unrelated circumstances (i.e., incidental affect) may carry over to influence ARB. A meta-analysis is needed to systematically examine causal evidence for the role of incidental affect (including specific emotions) in influencing ARB. Method: Integrating effect sizes from 91 published and unpublished experimental studies that include both an incidental-affect induction and neutral-control condition (k = 271 effect sizes: k = 183 negative affect, k = 78 positive affect), this meta-analysis examines how negative and positive affective states influenced ARB and related health cognitions (e.g., intentions, evaluations, craving, perceived control). Results: Negative affective states reliably increased ARB, in analyses where all negative affective states were analyzed (d = .29) and in stratified analyses of just negative mood (d = .30) and stress (d = .48). These effects were stronger among study populations coded as clinically at risk. Positive affective states generally did not influence ARB or related health cognitions, except in the presence of a craving cue. Design issues of extant literature largely precluded conclusions about the effects of specific positive and negative affective states. Conclusion: Taken together, findings suggest the importance of strategies to attenuate negative affect incidental to ARB to facilitate healthier behavioral patterns, especially among clinically at-risk individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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偶然情感状态在风险风险行为中的作用：一项荟萃分析。

目的：竞争风险行为（ARB），包括烟草使用，饮酒，消耗卡路里密集/营养贫乏的食物以及性风险行为，都极大地影响了发病率和死亡率。由各种各样无关的情况（即偶然影响）引起的情感状态可能会继续影响ARB。需要进行荟萃分析，系统地检查因果证据（包括特定情绪）在影响ARB中的作用。方法：整合91种已发表和未发表的实验研究的效应大小，包括偶然影响诱导和中性控制条件（k = 271效应大小：k = 183负面影响，k = 78正面影响），本荟萃分析消极和积极的情感状态如何影响ARB和相关的健康认知（e。例如意图，评估，渴望，感知的控制）。结果：在分析所有负面情感状态的分析中（d = .29），以及仅对负面情绪状态（d = .30）和压力的分层分析（d = .48），负面情感状态会可靠地提高ARB。这些效应在编码为临床上有风险的研究人群中更强。积极的情感状态通常不影响ARB或相关的健康认知，除非存在渴望的提示。现有文献的设计问题在很大程度上排除了关于特定正面和负面情感状态的影响的结论。结论：综上所述，研究结果表明，减轻ARB附带负面影响的策略的重要性，以促进更健康的行为方式，尤其是在临床上有风险的个体中。