OBJECTIVES More than 2 million people in the United States had an opioid use disorder in 2017. Treatment for opioid use disorder-particularly medication combined with psychosocial support-is effective for reducing opioid use and decreasing overdose risk. However, approximately 50% of people who receive treatment will relapse or drop out. Stress reactivity, defined as the subjective and physiological response to stress, is heightened in people with opioid use disorder and higher stress reactivity is associated with poorer outcomes. Preliminary studies suggest that stress reactivity may be a key mechanistic target for improving outcomes. This article describes the design of an ongoing study examining behavioral strategies for reducing stress reactivity in adults with opioid use disorder. Our objective is to test the efficacy of two behavioral strategies for reducing stress reactivity and enhancing behavioral persistence in the context of stress (distress tolerance). METHOD We will recruit 120 adults with opioid use disorder and randomly assign them to brief training in (a) cognitive reappraisal, (b) affect labeling, or (c) a psychoeducational control. Participants will receive the training intervention followed by a laboratory stressor during which they will be instructed to apply the trained skill. RESULTS Subjective and physiological responses to stress will be measured as indices of stress reactivity and the stressor task will include a behavioral persistence component as a measure of distress tolerance. CONCLUSIONS The ultimate goal of this study is to inform the development of behavioral interventions that can be used as an adjunct to medication-based treatment for opioid use disorder. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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减少阿片类药物使用障碍的应激反应的行为策略：研究设计。

目标2017年，美国有超过200万人患有阿片类药物使用障碍。阿片类药物使用障碍的治疗-特别是药物与社会心理支持的结合-可有效减少阿片类药物的使用并降低用药过量的风险。但是，大约50％接受治疗的人会复发或退学。阿片类药物使用障碍患者的应激反应性（定义为对应激的主观和生理反应）增强，应激反应性较高与不良预后相关。初步研究表明，压力反应性可能是改善预后的关键机制。本文介绍了一项正在进行的研究设计，该研究旨在研究减少阿片类药物使用障碍成年人应激反应的行为策略。我们的目标是测试两种行为策略在降低压力反应性和增强行为持久性（压力承受能力）方面的功效。方法我们将招募120名阿片类药物使用障碍的成年人，并随机分配他们接受（a）认知再评估，（b）影响标签或（c）心理教育控制的简短培训。参加者将接受培训干预，然后是实验室应激源，在此期间，他们将被指示应用经过培训的技能。结果对压力的主观和生理反应将作为压力反应性的指标进行测量，而压力源任务将包括行为持久性成分，作为对压力承受能力的量度。结论本研究的最终目的是为行为干预的发展提供信息，这些行为干预可作为阿片类药物使用障碍药物治疗的辅助手段。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。