OBJECTIVE Anxiety is associated with sleep disturbance and insomnia. Mindfulness-based interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction, have shown consistent anxiety reduction. Mindfulness training has been theorized to affect reinforcement learning, affecting habitual behaviors such as smoking and overeating, but a direct mechanistic link between the use of mindfulness training for anxiety reduction and improvement in sleep has not been studied. Moreover, the mechanisms by which mindfulness might affect worry and subsequent sleep disturbances have not been elucidated. This study protocol evaluates the impact an app-based mindfulness training program for anxiety might have on decreasing worry and improvement in sleep. METHOD A randomized controlled study will be conducted in approximately 80 adults with worry that interferes with their sleep. Participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) to two groups: treatment-as-usual (TAU) or TAU + App-Based Mindfulness Training (Unwinding Anxiety app). The primary outcomes will be the non-reactivity subscale of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep quality measures (Baer et al., 2008; Yu et al., 2011). Secondary outcomes will include the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Scale (Mehling et al., 2012; Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006). DISCUSSION This study will be the first to test the mechanism of app-based mindfulness training on worry and sleep disturbance. Testing the mechanistic effects of mindfulness training using the science of behavior change framework will help move the field forward both in further elucidation of potential mechanisms of mindfulness (e.g., targeting reinforcement learning) and determining whether such a platform might be a viable method for delivering high-fidelity treatment at scale and for a low cost. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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正念可以机械地针对烦恼来改善睡眠障碍吗？基于应用程序的焦虑程序的理论和研究协议。

目的焦虑与睡眠障碍和失眠有关。以正念为基础的干预措施，例如以正念为基础的压力减轻，表现出持续的焦虑减轻。从理论上讲，正念训练会影响强化学习，影响吸烟和暴饮暴食等习惯性行为，但尚未研究将正念训练用于减少焦虑和改善睡眠之间的直接机制联系。而且，尚未阐明正念可能影响忧虑和随后的睡眠障碍的机制。该研究方案评估了基于应用程序的正念训练计划对焦虑的影响，对减轻焦虑和改善睡眠的影响。方法将对约80名成年人进行担心其睡眠干扰的随机对照研究。参与者将被随机分配（1：1）分为两组：常规治疗（TAU）或TAU +基于应用的正念训练（缓解焦虑应用）。主要结果将是“五方面正念问卷”和患者报告的结果测量信息系统睡眠质量测量的非反应性子量表（Baer等，2008； Yu等，2011）。次要结果将包括宾夕法尼亚州忧虑调查表，广泛性焦虑障碍7和感官意识量表的多维评估（Mehling等人，2012； Meyer，Miller，Metzger和Borkovec，1990； Spitzer，Kroenke，Williams和Löwe ，2006）。讨论本研究将是第一个测试基于应用程序的正念训练对焦虑和睡眠障碍的机制的研究。使用行为改变框架科学来测试正念训练的机械效果，将有助于推动该领域的发展，进一步阐明正念的潜在机制（例如，针对强化学习），并确定这种平台是否可能是实现高水平学习的可行方法大规模且低成本的保真处理。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。（针对强化学习），并确定这种平台是否可能是大规模，低成本地提供高保真治疗的可行方法。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。（针对强化学习），并确定这种平台是否可能是大规模，低成本地提供高保真治疗的可行方法。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。