What we direct our attention to is strongly influenced by both bottom-up and top-down processes. Moreover, the control of attention is biased by prior learning, such that attention is automatically captured by stimuli previously associated with either reward or threat. It is unknown whether value-oriented and threat-oriented mechanisms of selective information processing function independently of one another, or whether they interact with each other in the selection process. Here, we introduced the threat of electric shock into the value-driven attentional capture paradigm to examine whether the experience of threat influences the attention capturing quality of previously reward-associated stimuli. The results showed that value-driven attentional capture was blunted by the experience of threat. This contrasts with previous reports of threat potentiating attentional capture by physically salient stimuli, which we replicate here. Our findings demonstrate that threat selectively interferes with value-based but not salience-based attentional priority, consistent with a competitive relationship between value-based and threat-based information processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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威胁减少了以价值为导向但没有以显着性为导向的注意力捕获。

自下而上和自上而下的过程都极大地影响了我们的注意力。而且，注意力的控制由于先前的学习而产生偏差，从而注意力被先前与奖励或威胁相关联的刺激自动捕获。尚不清楚以价值为导向和以威胁为导向的选择性信息处理机制是否彼此独立运行，或者它们在选择过程中是否相互影响。在这里，我们将电击的威胁引入了价值驱动的注意力捕获范例中，以检查威胁的体验是否会影响先前与奖励相关的刺激的注意力捕获质量。结果表明，以价值为导向的注意力捕获由于受到威胁的经验而变得迟钝。这与先前报道的威胁通过身体显着刺激增强注意力捕获的报道形成了鲜明对比，我们在此重复。我们的研究结果表明，威胁选择性地干扰了基于价值的攻击，而不是基于显着性的注意力优先，这与基于价值和基于威胁的信息处理之间的竞争关系相一致。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。