We investigated the impact of 2 hypothetical mechanisms of episodic memory reconstruction-perceptual recombination and conceptual fluency-on objectively measured recollection accuracy and false recollections of neutral and emotional stimuli. Participants encoded negative, neutral, and positive pictures depicting objects and scenes (i.e., target pictures), each accompanied with a descriptive verbal label (e.g., "boy crying at funeral," "wooden basket on floor," "four chimpanzees laughing together"). Next, they encoded fragmented pictures of some of the scenes they did and did not earlier see (perceptual misinformation), or they received multiple presentations of the corresponding verbal labels (conceptual misinformation). Recollection of target pictures was then tested, using labels as retrieval cues. We had three key findings in each of two experiments. First, as in our prior work, both perceptual and conceptual misinformation significantly increased false recollection judgments of nonstudied pictures, including high-confidence errors. These effects implicate perceptual recombination and conceptual fluency mechanisms. Second, these misinformation effects generalized across all emotional categories, implicating separable roles of these two mechanisms on emotional recollections. Finally, conceptual misinformation was less likely to influence negative than neutral recollection errors, providing new evidence that emotion can improve retrieval monitoring accuracy and reduce false memories based on conceptual fluency (i.e., an emotional distinctiveness heuristic). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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建立情感错误的回忆：知觉重组和概念流畅机制。

我们调查了情景记忆重建的两种假设机制（知觉重组和概念流畅性）对客观测量的中性和情感刺激的回忆准确性和错误回忆的影响。参与者对描绘对象和场景的负面，中性和正面图片（即目标图片）进行了编码，每个图片都带有描述性的语言标签（例如，“男孩在葬礼上哭泣”，“地板上的木篮”，“四个黑猩猩一起大笑” ）。接下来，他们对自己曾经做过且未曾见过的某些场景的片段图片进行了编码（感知错误信息），或者他们收到了对应语言标签的多次呈现（感知错误信息）。然后使用标签作为检索线索测试目标图片的回收。在两个实验的每一个中，我们都有三个关键发现。首先，与我们先前的工作一样，感知和概念上的错误信息都大大增加了对未研究图片的错误记忆判断，包括高置信度错误。这些影响暗示了感知重组和概念流畅性机制。其次，这些错误信息效应在所有情感类别中普遍存在，暗示着这两种机制在情感记忆中的作用是独立的。最后，概念错误信息比中立的回忆错误对负面影响的可能性更小，这提供了新的证据表明情感可以基于概念的流畅性（即情感独特性启发式）提高检索监控的准确性并减少错误的记忆。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。