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Feeling good and bad about nothing at all: Evidence that the status quo can elicit mixed feelings.
Emotion ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1037/emo0000595
Catherine J. Norris , Jeff T. Larsen

Sometimes we come out ahead and sometimes we fall behind. Sometimes the status quo is maintained and we end up where we began. The status quo can be disappointing when things might have gone better and relieving when they might have gone worse, but it is not clear how the status quo will feel when things might have gone better or worse. Hume (1739/2000) and Bain (1859) would contend that feelings of disappointment and relief will neutralize one another. The evaluative space model (Cacioppo & Berntson, 1994), which conceptualizes the positive and negative substrates of the affect system as separable, raises the possibility that the status quo will elicit mixed feelings in such circumstances. To test this possibility, we had participants play games that offered a 40% chance to win, a 40% chance to lose, and a 20% chance of getting nothing. Participants' self-reported positive and negative affect indicate that the status quo elicited (a) less positive affect than wins and more positive affect than losses, and (b) less negative affect than losses and more negative affect than wins. More interestingly, the status quo elicited more mixed feelings than both wins and losses. Thus, when things might have turned out either better or worse, the status quo may best be conceived of as a bittersweet nothing. More generally, results indicate that a complete understanding of how counterfactual comparisons influence emotions requires conceptualizing positivity and negative as separable. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

感觉不到好事或坏事:事实证明现状会引起多种多样的感觉。

有时我们领先,有时我们落后。有时,现状得以维持,我们最终从起点开始。当事情可能会变得更好时,现状可能会令人失望,而当事情可能会变得更糟时,现状会有所缓解,但是目前尚不清楚当事情可能会变得更好或更糟时,现状会如何。休ume(1739/2000)和贝恩(1859)认为,失望和放松的感觉将相互抵消。评价性空间模型(Cacioppo&Berntson,1994)将情感系统的正面和负面底物概念化为可分离的,这增加了现状在这种情况下会引起混合情绪的可能性。为了测试这种可能性,我们让参与者玩的游戏提供40%的获胜机会,40%的败局和20%的一无所获的机会。参与者自我报告的正面和负面影响表明,现状引起了(a)正面影响小于胜利,正面影响大于损失,(b)负面影响小于损失,负面影响大于胜利。更有趣的是,现状所带来的混合情绪多于赢与输。因此,当情况可能变好或变坏时,最好将现状视为苦乐参半。更普遍地说,结果表明,要全面了解反事实比较如何影响情绪,就需要将积极和消极概念化为可分离的概念。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。自我报告的正面和负面影响表明,现状引起了(a)正面影响小于胜利,正面影响大于损失,(b)负面影响小于损失,负面影响大于胜利。更有趣的是,现状所带来的混合情绪多于赢与输。因此,当情况可能变好或变坏时,最好将现状视为苦乐参半。更普遍地说,结果表明,要全面了解反事实比较如何影响情绪,就需要将积极和消极概念化为可分离的概念。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。自我报告的正面和负面影响表明,现状引起了(a)正面影响小于胜利,正面影响大于损失,(b)负面影响小于损失,负面影响大于胜利。更有趣的是,现状所带来的混合情绪多于赢与输。因此,当情况可能变好或变坏时,最好将现状视为苦乐参半。更普遍地说,结果表明,要全面了解反事实比较如何影响情绪,就需要将积极和消极概念化为可分离的概念。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。这种现状所引起的感情多于成功和失败。因此,当情况可能变好或变坏时,最好将现状视为苦乐参半。更普遍地说,结果表明,要全面了解反事实比较如何影响情绪,就需要将积极和消极概念化为可分离的概念。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。这种现状所引起的感情多于胜利和失败。因此,当情况可能变好或变坏时,最好将现状视为苦乐参半。更普遍地说,结果表明,要全面了解反事实比较如何影响情绪,就需要将积极和消极概念化为可分离的概念。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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