A number of different causes have been discussed with respect to the etiology or treatment of nightmares. Among them, however, relatively little attention has been given to early developing emotional factors, like attachment. Previous results hint to a relationship between nightmare frequency and attachment style. The present study thus served to further substantiate this observation by investigating the relationship between attachment styles and nightmare frequency and nightmare distress. Results reveal that subjects with insecure attachment styles report more nightmares and more nightmare distress than those with a secure attachment style. In particular, among the insecure attachment styles, the fearful attachment style is most prone to higher nightmare frequency and nightmare distress. The results indicate that among personality factors and current stressors, attachment styles may also affect nightmares.

中文翻译：

---

成人的依恋风格和噩梦。

关于噩梦的病因或治疗，已经讨论了许多不同的原因。然而，其中对早期发展的情感因素（如依恋）的关注相对较少。先前的结果暗示了噩梦频率和依恋风格之间的关系。因此，本研究通过调查依恋风格与噩梦频率和噩梦困扰之间的关系，进一步证实了这一观察结果。结果显示，与安全依恋风格的受试者相比，不安全依恋风格的受试者报告更多的噩梦和更多的噩梦困扰。尤其是在不安全依恋类型中，恐惧依恋类型最容易出现更高的噩梦频率和噩梦困扰。