We describe the language features of dream narratives from 3 large samples of normal persons using Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC), a computer text analysis program. Compared with LIWC norms from waking narratives, LIWC dream narratives showed more use of function words in general, common words, past tense verbs, relativity (particularly space), inclusion, leisure, friend, and home words, and less use of second-person pronouns, present and future verbs, causation words, large words, and assent words. Dream narratives did not contain more negative emotion words. These patterns were consistent across investigators, samples gathered at different times from student and online sources, and instructions for dream reports (i.e., recent dream vs. important dream). Statistically significant correlations between dream language features and personality (as measured by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory and the Big Five Inventory) were few in number and small in effect sizes. We conclude with discussing the implications of computer text analysis of dreams in more systematic studies comparing linguistic features with dream themes in cross-cultural clinical populations, and the implications of these features for scientific understanding of the continuum of consciousness.

中文翻译：

---

诸如梦想之类的东西：梦想语言、LIWC 规范和个性相关。

我们使用计算机文本分析程序语言查询字数 (LIWC) 从 3 个大样本的正常人中描述梦叙事的语言特征。与清醒叙事的LIWC规范相比，LIWC梦叙事在一般情况下更多地使用虚词、常用词、过去时动词、相对性（特别是空间）、包容、休闲、朋友和家庭词，较少使用第二人称代词、现在和将来动词、因果词、大词和同意词。梦的叙述中没有更多的负面情绪词。这些模式在调查人员、从学生和在线资源的不同时间收集的样本以及梦境报告的说明（即最近的梦境与重要的梦境）中是一致的。梦语言特征与人格（由十项人格量表和大五项量表测量）之间的统计显着相关性在数量上很少，影响大小也很小。我们最后讨论了在更系统的研究中对梦的计算机文本分析的影响，这些研究比较了跨文化临床人群中的语言特征与梦主题，以及这些特征对意识连续体的科学理解的影响。