The current longitudinal developmental study was designed to determine whether awareness of one’s own biases (the metacognitive self, MCS) emerges and develops during the developmental period known as emerging adulthood. To this end, we followed almost 400 undergraduate university students (18–23 years) over the first three years of their studies, capturing data at five time points. We observed a growth in MCS that we explain in terms of the cognitive and motivational processes characteristic of emerging adulthood. We also observed group differences in MCS development. Students who performed better on the MCS scale at the very beginning of the study tended to show a greater increase in the MCS than those who scored poorly. Emerging adulthood appears to be a very important period with respect to individual differences in becoming aware of one’s own biases

中文翻译：

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意识到自己在成年期的偏见——一项纵向研究。元认知方法

当前的纵向发展研究旨在确定对自己的偏见（元认知自我，MCS）的认识是否在被称为成年期的发展时期出现和发展。为此，我们跟踪了近 400 名本科生（18-23 岁）在他们学习的前三年，在五个时间点捕获数据。我们观察到 MCS 的增长，我们根据新兴成年期的认知和动机过程特征来解释这一点。我们还观察到 MCS 发展的群体差异。在研究开始时在 MCS 量表上表现更好的学生往往比那些得分不佳的学生表现出更大的 MCS 增长。