Runs of homozygosity (ROH) have become the state-of-the-art method for analysis of inbreeding in animal populations. Moreover, ROH are suited to detect signatures of selection via ROH islands and are used in other applications, such as genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Currently, a vast amount of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data is available online, but most of these data have never been used for ROH analysis. Therefore, we performed a ROH analysis on large medium-density SNP datasets in eight animal species (cat, cattle, dog, goat, horse, pig, sheep and water buffalo; 442 different populations) and make these results publicly available. The results include an overview of ROH islands per population and a comparison of the incidence of these ROH islands among populations from the same species, which can assist researchers when studying other (livestock) populations or when looking for similar signatures of selection. We were able to confirm many known ROH islands, for example signatures of selection for the myostatin (MSTN) gene in sheep and horses. However, our results also included multiple other ROH islands, which are common to many populations and not identified to date (e.g. on chromosomes D4 and E2 in cats and on chromosome 6 in sheep). We are confident that our repository of ROH islands is a valuable reference for future studies. The discovered ROH island regions represent a unique starting point for new studies or can be used as a reference for future studies. Furthermore, we encourage authors to add their population-specific ROH findings to our repository.

中文翻译：

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公众可获得的ROH岛资料库揭示了不同牲畜和宠物物种的选择特征

纯合性（ROH）运行已成为分析动物种群近交的最先进方法。此外，ROH适合检测通过ROH岛进行选择的特征，并用于其他应用，例如基因组预测和全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。当前，在线有大量的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）数据，但是其中大多数数据从未用于ROH分析。因此，我们对8种动物（猫，牛，狗，山羊，马，猪，绵羊和水牛； 442个不同种群）的大型中密度SNP数据集进行了ROH分析，并将这些结果公开提供。结果包括对每个种群的ROH岛的概述，以及在相同物种的种群中这些ROH岛的发生率的比较，当研究其他（牲畜）种群或寻找相似的选择特征时，可以为研究人员提供帮助。我们能够确认许多已知的ROH岛，例如在绵羊和马中选择Myostatin（MSTN）基因的签名。但是，我们的结果还包括许多其他ROH岛，这些岛对许多人来说都是常见的，并且至今尚未发现（例如，在猫的D4和E2染色体上，在绵羊的6号染色体上）。我们有信心，我们的ROH岛屿知识库可为将来的研究提供有价值的参考。发现的ROH岛屿地区代表着新研究的独特起点，或可以用作未来研究的参考。此外，我们鼓励作者将其特定人群的ROH研究结果添加到我们的资源库中。