Prolactin has been shown to favor both the activation and suppression of the microglia and astrocytes, as well as the release of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Prolactin has also been associated with neuronal damage in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and in experimental models of these diseases. However, studies show that prolactin has neuroprotective effects in conditions of neuronal damage and inflammation and may be used as neuroprotector factor. In this review, we first discuss general information about prolactin, then we summarize recent findings of prolactin function in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes and factors involved in the possible dual role of prolactin are described. Finally, we review the function of prolactin specifically in the central nervous system and how it promotes a neuroprotective effect, or that of neuronal damage, particularly in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and during excitotoxicity. The overall studies indicated that prolactin may be a promising molecule for the treatment of some neurological diseases.

中文翻译：

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催乳素在中枢神经系统炎症中的作用

催乳素已被证明有利于小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的激活和抑制，以及炎症和抗炎细胞因子的释放。催乳素还与多发性硬化症、癫痫等疾病以及这些疾病的实验模型中的神经元损伤有关。然而，研究表明催乳素在神经元损伤和炎症条件下具有神经保护作用，可用作神经保护因子。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了有关催乳素的一般信息，然后我们总结了催乳素在炎症和抗炎过程中的功能的最新发现，并描述了催乳素可能的双重作用所涉及的因素。最后，我们回顾了催乳素在中枢神经系统中的功能，以及它如何促进神经保护作用或神经元损伤，特别是在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎和兴奋性毒性期间。总体研究表明，催乳素可能是治疗某些神经系统疾病的有希望的分子。