Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine raises fundamental ethical issues. As one example, AI systems in the field of mental health successfully detect signs of mental disorders, such as depression, by using data from social media. These AI depression detectors (AIDDs) identify users who are at risk of depression prior to any contact with the healthcare system. The article focuses on the ethical implications of AIDDs regarding affected users’ health-related autonomy. Firstly, it presents the (ethical) discussion of AI in medicine and, specifically, in mental health. Secondly, two models of AIDDs using social media data and different usage scenarios are introduced. Thirdly, the concept of patient autonomy, according to Beauchamp and Childress, is critically discussed. Since this concept does not encompass the specific challenges linked with the digital context of AIDDs in social media sufficiently, the current analysis suggests, finally, an extended concept of health-related digital autonomy.

 抽象的

人工智能（AI）在医学领域的发展引发了基本的伦理问题。举个例子，心理健康领域的人工智能系统通过使用社交媒体的数据成功地检测出抑郁症等精神障碍的迹象。这些人工智能抑郁症检测器 (AIDD) 在与医疗保健系统接触之前识别出有抑郁症风险的用户。本文重点讨论 AIDD 对受影响用户的健康相关自主权的伦理影响。首先，它提出了人工智能在医学领域，特别是在心理健康领域的（伦理）讨论。其次，介绍了两种使用社交媒体数据的AIDD模型和不同的使用场景。第三，根据 Beauchamp 和 Childress 的说法，对患者自主权的概念进行了批判性讨论。由于这一概念没有充分涵盖与社交媒体中 AIDD 数字环境相关的具体挑战，当前的分析最终提出了与健康相关的数字自主的扩展概念。